Alzheimer's disease, which has not yet been treated with effective treatment, can get new prospects through the discovery of scientists from Clel University. The research has shown that a unique TAU protein, called TAU 1N4R, can be a key to developing new methods of combating this complex disease.
Tau is a protein involved in stabilizing the internal frame of neurons, plays an important role in the development of Alzheimer's disease. In dementia, this protein undergoes abnormal changes, which leads to the formation of confused lumps inside neurons. This, in turn, disrupts cells and transports important nutrients and signals, which helps to reduce cognitive abilities.
Detection of TAU 1N4R, which in the case of changes becomes a major factor in the damage of neurons, gives new opportunities for the development of targeted therapy. Scientists have compared this process with a violation of the public transport network, when vital elements cannot be received due to failures in the delivery system.
Studies have shown that neurons without TAU protein are less affected by amyloid beta-oligomer, which are usually associated with Alzheimer's disease. With the introduction of various TAU variants, it was found that only Tau 1N4r makes cells vulnerable to amyloid-bang, which demonstrates the importance of this protein in the development of the disease.
This variant of TAU has a higher level of phosphorylation, which prevents its proper attachment to cellular structures. As a result, protein accumulates in places where it should not disrupt neurons.
Focusing on TAU 1N4R can create more accurate treatments for Alzheimer's disease, which will increase the effectiveness of therapy and reduce side effects compared to the current methods that are focused on reducing the overall level of TAU or combating amyloid plaques.
Dr. Sarah Bukholtz, the first author of the study, emphasized that the detection of Tau 1N4r protein is operating new opportunities for future treatments that can help millions of people suffering from this grueling disease.
